目录
当初项目文档是用sphinx写的,一套rst下来make html得到一整个漂亮的在线文档。现在想要将文档导出为离线的handbook pdf,于是找到了rst2pdf这个项目,作为sphinx的拓展,然后加上少量配置即可输出中文PDF。
rst2pdf
简介
rst2pdf是一个将 reStructuredText 转换为 PDF 的工具,具有下列特性:
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自定义页面布局
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支持层叠样式表
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支持内嵌TTF和Type1字体
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支持几乎所有语言的语法高亮
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使用reStructuredText作为源文件
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支持字间距调整
安装
easy_install rst2pdf
配置rst2pdf
注册到sphinx项目
需要告诉sphinx我们安装了rst2pdf,并且将其作为插件使用。只需在项目根目录下的conf.py中配置:
# Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be # extensions coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom # ones. extensions = [ 'sphinx.ext.autodoc', 'rst2pdf.pdfbuilder' ]
即可。然后,在conf.py中拷入PDF相关的配置:
# -- Options for PDF output -------------------------------------------------- # Grouping the document tree into PDF files. List of tuples # (source start file, target name, title, author, options). # # If there is more than one author, separate them with \\. # For example: r'Guido van Rossum\\Fred L. Drake, Jr., editor' # # The options element is a dictionary that lets you override # this config per-document. # For example, # ('index', u'MyProject', u'My Project', u'Author Name', # dict(pdf_compressed = True)) # would mean that specific document would be compressed # regardless of the global pdf_compressed setting. pdf_documents = [ ('index', u'HanLP Handbook', u'HanLP Handbook', u'hankcs'), ] # A comma-separated list of custom stylesheets. Example: pdf_stylesheets = ['a3','zh_CN'] # Create a compressed PDF # Use True/False or 1/0 # Example: compressed=True #pdf_compressed = False # A colon-separated list of folders to search for fonts. Example: pdf_font_path = ['C:\\Windows\\Fonts'] # Language to be used for hyphenation support pdf_language = "zh_CN" # Mode for literal blocks wider than the frame. Can be # overflow, shrink or truncate pdf_fit_mode = "shrink" # Section level that forces a break page. # For example: 1 means top-level sections start in a new page # 0 means disabled #pdf_break_level = 0 # When a section starts in a new page, force it to be 'even', 'odd', # or just use 'any' #pdf_breakside = 'any' # Insert footnotes where they are defined instead of # at the end. #pdf_inline_footnotes = True # verbosity level. 0 1 or 2 #pdf_verbosity = 0 # If false, no index is generated. #pdf_use_index = True # If false, no modindex is generated. #pdf_use_modindex = True # If false, no coverpage is generated. #pdf_use_coverpage = True # Documents to append as an appendix to all manuals. #pdf_appendices = [] # Enable experimental feature to split table cells. Use it # if you get "DelayedTable too big" errors #pdf_splittables = False # Set the default DPI for images #pdf_default_dpi = 72 # Enable rst2pdf extension modules (default is only vectorpdf) # you need vectorpdf if you want to use sphinx's graphviz support #pdf_extensions = ['vectorpdf'] # Page template name for "regular" pages #pdf_page_template = 'cutePage' # Show Table Of Contents at the beginning? # pdf_use_toc = False # How many levels deep should the table of contents be? pdf_toc_depth = 2 # Add section number to section references pdf_use_numbered_links = False # Background images fitting mode pdf_fit_background_mode = 'scale'
具体配置项的值请自行调整,不需要严格按照我的来。
样式表
在项目根目录下创建一个zh_CN.json,写入:
{ "embeddedFonts": [ "simsun.ttc" ], "fontsAlias": { "stdFont": "simsun", "stdBold": "simsun", "stdItalic": "simsun", "stdBoldItalic": "simsun", "stdMono": "simsun", "stdMonoBold": "simsun", "stdMonoItalic": "simsun", "stdMonoBoldItalic": "simsun", "stdSans": "simsun", "stdSansBold": "simsun", "stdSansItalic": "simsun", "stdSansBoldItalic": "simsun" }, "styles": [ [ "base", { "wordWrap": "CJK" } ], [ "literal", { "wordWrap": "None" } ] ] }
关于以上样式的说明:
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embeddedFonts用于嵌入字体,经试验,必须包含至少四个值才不会报错。不过这四个字体值可以是重复的。
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fontsAlias用来指定各类字形用什么字体。如stdFont指正文字体,stdBold指粗体,stdItalic指斜体。其他的还有stdBoldItalic粗斜体,stdMono等宽体,等等。确保所用字体已经安装在你的操作系统上,且字体必须是TTF类型的(Windows环境下限制比较多~)。
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wordWrap用于指定换行规则,CJK就是适用于中日韩文字的规则。这是从网上的模板抄来的,但经我的测试发现,如果用CJK规则的话,中英混排的文档里面英文部分就没法正常断行,这真是个遗憾。实际上,fontsAlias的分类很多都只对英文字体有意义,如严格来讲中文是没有所谓斜体的(不过因为Word的普及,经常看到中文被设置为斜体的情形)。如果是纯中文文档,当然随便用哪些中文字体都行,如宋体。现实中,经常会有中英文混排的情形,所以如果全用中文字体的话,英文部分就没法显示斜体等字形了。
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关于pdf_stylesheets的说明:这个参数中默认使用的某些样式包含了一些字体,而这些字体并非在所有操作系统上都找得到。'sphinx'和'kerning'都是默认提供的样式,要么不用它们,要么直接修改其包含的字体。'a4'指设置输出的PDF为A4纸大小。默认的样式文件可以在rst2pdf的安装路径下找到。
然后配置编译脚本
Windows用户,在make.bat中加入:
if "%1" == "pdf" ( %SPHINXBUILD% -b pdf %ALLSPHINXOPTS% %BUILDDIR%/pdf if errorlevel 1 exit /b 1 echo. echo.Build finished. The pdf files are in %BUILDDIR%/pdf. goto end )
类Unix用户修改Makefile:
pdf: $(SPHINXBUILD) -b pdf $(ALLSPHINXOPTS) $(BUILDDIR)/pdf @echo @echo "Build finished. The PDF files are in _build/pdf."
输出PDF
然后一句:
make pdf
就能输出PDF了。
解决findfonts.py:249 Unknown font:
这应该是由于pdf_font_path配置有误造成的,事实上,我确定配置无误rst2pdf还是找不到字体文件,于是我修改了X:\Program Files (x86)\Python27\Lib\site-packages\rst2pdf\findfonts.py第236行,在
fontfile = get_nt_fname(fname)
后面加了一句:
fontfile = 'C:\\Windows\\Fonts\\simsun.ttc'
强行解决问题。
解决rst2pdf输出PDF为空白文档
事实上,在字体正常的情况下,我发现输出的PDF依然是空白的:
在使用二分法排除rst文件中的问题后,我发现这是由于PDF开头的目录造成的。当目录超出一页时就会发生这种情况,我倾向于认为这是rst2pdf的一个bug。
解决方法是将pdf_toc_depth调小一点,或者干脆不生成目录,pdf_use_toc = False。
PDF效果
于是再次重试,可以生成漂亮的PDF了:
Reference
http://sphinx-users.jp/cookbook/pdf/rst2pdf.html
http://ralsina.me/static/manual.pdf
= =! 在哪里能下载到HanLP啊?
http://www.hankcs.com/nlp/hanlp.html
你好,能否做个友情链接啊?
您好,请问一下,启动server ,到IO method(auto thread):epoll (with changelist)都是正常的,但是接着就跳出Segmentation fault(core dumped),怎么处理?